The Narrative Paradigm By Scott Stroud - 1299 Words

Scott Stroud in his article Multivalent narratives: Extending the Narrative Paradigm with Insights from Ancient Indian Philosophical Texts critiques the narrative paradigm by pointing out its weaknesses and proposing revisions to the existing paradigm using ancient Indian philosophical narratives. Stroud claims that Fisher’s paradigm is too limiting and conservative when dealing with foreign concepts and texts. The narrative paradigm does not allow people to experience new stories that may differ from their traditional stories challenging their values and/ or accepting new ones (Stroud, p. 372). Our judgment of a narrative is based on what we believe is just or true. New ideas or thoughts or values are not given a chance using the†¦show more content†¦Knowing that man is separate from Dattatreya will lead to â€Å"the mind being cleansed† and salvation. This narrative also says that Dattatreya is of this world, residing in everything of earth. The story argues against the separation of the subordinate and the deity, saying, â€Å"There is no Shepard, no flock† (as cited in Stroud, 2002). The deity tells man in order to achieve salvation he must meditate and work, but man should do neither in order to gain reward, â€Å"taking care to chose actions wisely as those choices will impact future salvation† (Stroud, 2002, p. 382). This text is full of contradictions; the deity is separate from man, the deity is with man and of the world, meditate and work to gain salvation, meditation and work are not important and will not gain man salvation. The second text is equally confusing and contradictory within itself and to the first text. The Devi Gita is a goddess of divine power who urges the reader to be devout only to her. She says she is also separate from the world, only later in the text to claim she is of this world and with man. Meditation is important to achieve salvation however meditating in hopes of salvation or to please t he ego is not pleasing to her. Stroud claims that the narrative paradigm as it is now is not efficient in rendering an outcome for the western reader of these texts, which involve incoherence

Fast Capitalism And Its Effect On Organizations - 926 Words

In order to compete in the global economy, organizations are in a constant state of transformation, and are fixated on accelerating production processes in order to maximize efficiency resulting in more profit. Today’s organizations are less concerned with the production of useful goods and services, but are more concerned with increasing shareholder value (Grey, 2009). This is known as fast capitalism, or maximizing value for shareholders. This paper will attempt to reveal what events led up to fast capitalism, and some of the consequences that have resulted from this modern economic system of business. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate why fast capitalism is not sustainable and detrimental to organizations. One event that contributed to fast capitalism was â€Å"the whole-sale deregulation of financial markets in the 1980s† (Grey, 2009, p. 112). This resulted in constant change in organizations, and a continual search for ways to speed up production in order to remain competitive. Another event Grey (2009) mentions is â€Å"the collapse of the Bretton Woods agreement (the system which had regulated international trade and currency movements since the end of the Second World War) in the 1970s† (p. 113). This resulted in the reorganization through mergers and acquisitions. Prior to the emergence of fast capitalism, organizational names often identified them with their location or community. â€Å"A localized employer, rooted in an area with a workforce that hasShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Industrial Revolution1326 Words   |  6 Pagesforces, among them capitalism, technology, globalization, and issues of equality. Describe these forces in detail and analyze their impact on the structure and culture workplace. 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Gertrude Stein and Cubist Poetry Essay Example For Students

Gertrude Stein and Cubist Poetry Essay Pamela Hades does not find Gertrude Steins work incomprehensible like so many others. Hades sees an unconventional coded style of writing in Tender Buttons using: rods, biographical elements that especially deal with her personal relationships, and universal themes of difference to drive meaning in her writing. Pamela Hades shows the innovation and unique usage of Steins language. In an interview with Robert Has in 1946 Stein claims that she became interested in individual words (as oppose to paragraphs or sentences), l took individual words and thought about them until I got their weight and volume complete and put them next to one another word, and at this same time I found out very soon that there is no such thing as putting them together without sense. It is impossible to put them together without sense. I made innumerable efforts to make words write without sense and found it impossible. Hades 58-59) The sounds of words, the multiple meaning of words, and other modernist views on word usage drive this undeniable meaning behind Gertrude Steins writing. Pamela Hades brings meaning to these words in a way that we can understand as one defined thing. I argue that the abstraction in Gertrude Steins writing is layered with meaning that we view like a painting and let the work lend itself to more than one definition. Through the manipulation of words Gertrude St ein creates cubist writing that is multidimensional. Pamela Hades flattens the magnitude of Gertrude Steins Tender Buttons. I believe that Hades article brings biographical elements that lend themselves to a stricter meaning of Gertrude Steins work. Many writers draw from their own lives when writing but I believe Steins true purpose is to create something new, innovative, and abstract. Hades defines Tender Buttons as: a story of how one lives with perceptions of change and differences of all sorts, from the unreliable meanings of language to those psychological differences between men and women, past and future, brother ND sisters, and signs of life among them. All these differences are reflected in the inhabiting perceptions that Stein bring to the objects, food, and rooms that constitute her most private life (Hades 61). Tender Buttons is not strictly Gertrude Steins private life but rather lifes universal simplicity, order, or lack thereof. I believe that Gertrude Steins work in Tender Buttons uses elements from art to build up her writing in a four dimensional world filled with imagery, sound, repetition, shapes, and color. Her words are like brush strokes and placed particularly to structure her ententes and paragraphs creating a style that is not strictly prose, or poetry, or essay. Therefore it cannot be confined to a traditional two dimensional approach to writing words on worlds with words word w. Around the time Gertrude Stein wrote Tender Buttons she was experiencing an emotionally driven relationship shift. Stein was very close with her brother and he ends up moving out of their house because Gertrude Stein had found the love of her life in a woman named, Alice B. Toasts. Leo Stein, Gertrude Steins brother, was very close to his sister growing up but was uncomfortable with his sisters open sexuality. Pamela Hades uses this biographical information to argue a good deal of the meaning behind Steins words and themes in Tender Buttons. The following exert from Gertrude Steins Tender Buttons is analyzed by Pamela Hades from a biographical stand point. Hades believes that this passage is about Steins personal relationships while I argue that this passage lends its meaning more to the human understanding of space and time and not Gertrude Steins struggles to balance her relationship with her brother and her lover, Alice Toasts. Pamela Hades writes: For Gertrude Stein the permanent relationship with Alice could be seen as restitution for the loss of Leo. In addition, the writing of Tender Buttons itself seems intended to fill a real or at least potential vacancy. Thus, A large box is handily made of what is necessary to replace any substance A custom which is necessary when a box is used and taken is that a large part of the time there are three which have different connections(Hades 66). I disagree with Hades that the use of three refers to Gertrude Stein, Leo Stein, and Alice. I find this to be an analysis of relationships in the universe as a whole. An article entitled, There is no there here: Gertrude Stein and Quantum Physics an article written by Jan D Creakiness supports my argument that Stein is writing about space and time. The article says that Steins writing shares a reinterpretation of physical reality that is strikingly similar to the way quantum physics interprets reality. Both Gertrude Stein and the study of quantum physics analyze life on a macroscopic level realizing the unavoidable structure of space and time commenting on the relationships that atoms and molecules have. How do the poets express their different attitudes towards love in their poems EssayThese small facets are like Steins macroscopic awareness of words for the objects she works with. Cubist art uses abstract techniques Just like Gertrude Stein giving her writing greater dimension. Jamie Wilder writes an article entitled After all one must know more than one sees and one does not see a cube in its entirety: Gertrude Stein and Picasso and Cubism that supports my argument in Gertrude Steins connection with Pablo Picasso which drove her writing to utilize cubist philosophy. Jamie Wilder writes: In 1938, Gertrude Stein published Picasso, a book which is part biography and part criticism of Pablo Picasso work and time. In it Stein claims l was alone at time in understanding him perhaps because I was expressing the same thing in literature. The comparison between Steins work in the period around Tender Buttons, the period of her literary portraiture, and cubist movement in painting that Picasso helped create has been a popular one in the history of her works critical reception. Hitler 67) These similarities in approach to art stem from their use of objects. Pablo Picasso famously depicts guitars into a line of artwork the same way Gertrude Stein depicts objects in Tender Buttons. Pablo Picasso guitars are a geometrical representation of the shapes associated with guitars but does not specifically look like a traditional guitar painted in a realistic way. Stein is multidimensional in her writing Just as Pablo Picasso is in his cubist artwork. Wendy Steiner describes the cubist forces behind Gertrude Steins writing and the intelligence that drives abstraction with a meaning that is more than Pamela Hades argues in her paper, Spreading the Difference: One Way to Read Gertrude Steins Tender Buttons: To think of history in a new way, not as a plotted narrative moving toward a resolution, but as a cubist painting whose elements maintain their heterogeneity-?objects people things, signs, the banal; the dramatic; the contemporaneous, the anachronism-?in the aesthetic structure of relations (Wilder 68). The innovation and versatility in Steins writing appears to be rooted in cubist philosophy. In This is This Dress, Eider we absolutely see what Wendy Steiner is describing by saying the heterogeneity in words. The word Eider has many possible connotations. Many believe Eider is a nickname for Alice; it can mean to aid her as in to help a girl; possibly a reference to the sexual disease AIDS and the spreading of this disease, maybe it is the British pronunciation of idea; or maybe its a noun for someone who is a helper. Each of these interpretations works and helps to add to the depths of her writing. The words she uses are picked one by one to create this meaning that is multidimensional. Jamie Wilder points out that because the word lends itself to many pronunciations the reader may begin to Just see a chain of teeters and these; possible pronunciations resist visualization in a manner similar to the way a cubist canvas resists organized viewing by exploiting intersecting planes and simultaneous perspectives, and eliminating the vanishing point (Wilder 70). The layers of her work make it no wonder that so many readers struggle with Tender Buttons so much. Each section of this work is its own picture intended to be looked at, sounded out, and interpreted through many perspectives. Even the title of Tender Buttons makes it clear that Gertrude Steins writing is concerned with more than what is simply on the surface. What is a tender button is it sexual; is it sensitive; is it beauty barely held together; or does it have to be one way in this Steins multidimensional writing? The magnitude that Gertrude Stein understood is amazing: If the movement takes place on the surface, then all things become equal (Hitler 75). She did not intend her work to be superficial. Gertrude Stein resisted traditional writing due to her interest of philosophical awareness. Stein expressed deep thought into the workings of the universe and life rejecting the scientific method because of its limits to popular perception. Gertrude Stein was not rely a traditional poet with structured boundaries that we can enclose her in like Pamela Hades proposes. Stein is a hybrid thinker that cant be put in a box because she is thinking outside of this box, this object becoming a true definition for modern artist. Gertrude Stein and her work in Tender Buttons is multidimensional and cannot be analyzed in textbook writing standards. Her writing provides more than a possible glimpse of what she experienced in her life and is more complex than Pamela Hades gives her credit for in the article, Spreading the Difference: One Way to Read Gertrude Steins Tender Buttons. Through philosophical understanding, range of magnitude in dimension and time, repetition, and other unique elements Gertrude Stein creates writing that is in many ways like cubist art.

Y2k Essays (3187 words) - Cardiac Electrophysiology, Medical Devices

Y2k This year, most of the world is preparing to celebrate the year 2000 and the coming of a new millennium. However, many businesses, manufacturers, banks and hospitals are quietly hoping for an uneventful new year's transition. At midnight on December 31, many businesses will be anticipating what effects the millennium rollover will have on computer software and other equipment that contain a time sensitive chip called an embedded chip. Early computer programmers, in an effort to conserve limited memory space, programmed computers to read the year in only two digits. So computers read 15 as 1915, and 02 as 1902, and so on. Thus, when the year 2000 arrives, many computer programs might go from December 31, 1999 to January 1, 1900. Some computers will cease to function, or ?crash?. Needless to say, if these programs control functions such as electricity, airline travel, or communications, the results could be disastrous. Many companies and governments have spent countless hours and untold dollars making software Y2K (year 2 thousand) compatible. The consequences of not preparing for the Y2K problem could spell disaster for the company involved. For example, a small Midwestern manufacturer encountered a similar date-related problem in 1996 (a leap year) when the company did not realize that their entire computer network would be affected by the extra day in the year. When the year 1997 turned over, all systems shut down. This malfunction caused the liquid solutions being produced to freeze, causing them to destroy the pipelines they ran through. This disaster cost the company over $1 million in new equipment. The catastrophe caused massive delivery delays to their customers, and the company believes numerous customer accounts were lost as a result. This is just a small example of what could happen when computer software and related equipment is not tested for Y2K compatibility. Now, imagine the confusion and disaster that could result from a similar incident occurring in a hospital--where lives, not inventory, are at stake. ?Code Blue 2000? is the term used to describe the possible breakdown of the world's hospital software and related medical devices. Most hospital organizations have prepared themselves for any problems that might occur with their software and medical equipment. It is the organizations that ignore the potential problem that will most likely loose valuable patient information, and in extreme cases, have their ability to furnish adequate health care reduced. Major Hospital in Shelbyville, Indiana, has a team of computer scientists currently testing the hospital's computer system's software for Y2K compatibility. First, mock systems are tested to determine what will actually happen when the year changes. Then, obsolete software and equipment is replaced with Y2K compliant equipment. Major Hospital has spent over a half-million dollars on research of the Y2K problem. This research is extremely costly to an organization, but the alternative--ignoring the problem--could be catastrophic. This report will cover the numerous ways the Y2K problem could affect hospitals. The first and most important area that will be reviewed is the manner in which the Y2K problem could affect patients. The Y2K problem could adversely affect the biomedical devices some patients rely on for life-sustaining purposes. Then, the potential problems on the clerical side of hospital administration will be explored; focusing on patients' medical records and accounts. Finally, the possible adverse effects on utilities such as electricity, gas, and water will be discussed. A hospital is a place that a person should feel safe and secure. This report will describe the steps being taken by hospitals to ensure that their patients' peace of mind and sense of security is unaltered. The Y2K problem is a concern for hospitals worldwide for a variety of reasons. Perhaps the most pressing concern are the biomedical devices, which contain computer software, that many patients rely on. Some critical biomedical devices are pacemakers, fetal monitors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging machines (MRI's), and heart defibrillators. One of the most important biomedical devices that could be affected by the Y2K problem is the pacemaker. A pacemaker is a biomedical, electronic device implanted in the wall of the heart designed to detect irregular heartbeats and provide regular, mild, electric shocks that restore normalcy to the heartbeat. The pacemaker then records the time an electric shock was administered; this information can then be downloaded to a computer system and analyzed by medical personnel. Cardiologists use this information to detect patterns and irregularities in the patient's heart rhythms. If the software were to record faulty times for the shock deliveries, the cardiologist could misinterpret the results and administer improper medical